Table 6 Animal studies showing health benefits of flaxseed oil cake
Study design | Dosage | Experimental model | Inference | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Administration of equimolar amounts of SDG (secoisolariciresinol diglucoside) and SECO (secoisolariciresinol) (aglycon metabolite) | 0, 3, or 6Â mg SDG/kg/ d 0, 1.6, or 3.5 mg SECO/kg/d | Rat | The lignan component of flaxseed (SDG and SECO) contributes to hypocholesterolemic effects which reduced the hepatic cholesterol. | Felmlee et al. (2009) |
A normal diet incorporated with SDG to compare the development of atherosclerosis on a regular diet as well as on a high-cholesterol diet | SDG20 mg/kg (0.04% SDG) for 4 months | Rabbit | Serum cholesterol-lowering or antioxidant activity of SDG or both decreased serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and serum cholesterol which is responsible to reduce oxidative stress. No progression in atherosclerosis which is directly proportional to the time for which rabbits were fed with SDG. | Prasad (2008) |
Supplementation of flaxseed- derived lignan on glycemic control, lipid profiles, and insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetic patients | 360Â mg/day for 12 weeks | Human | Flaxseed lignan may be responsible for decrease in glycemic index. Fiber, alpha-linolenic acid and SDG may be responsible Cholesterol-lowering property | Pan et al. (2007) |
Role of flaxseed cake in the diet as a source of omega-3 fatty acid | 100Â g/kg for 3 weeks | Broiler chicken | Significant improvement in fatty acid profile, lipid metabolism, and health indices of meat. A decrease in the percentages of myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and SFA. Quicker gastrointestinal absorption due to higher PUFA in flaxseed. | Kumar et al. (2019) |
Administrationof soaked flaxseed cake | 0,6 and 12% for 10 weeks | Hens | Enhanced immune function Increase in n-3 sources in diet estradiol circulation gets affected which reduces the digestibility of fat due to which vLDL (very low-density lipids) decreased. | Attia et al. (2022) |
Five graded levels of flaxseed cake were incorporated into the diets of chicken. Carcass characteristics and pectoral muscle fillets were evaluated from 21 to 39 days. | 0–80 g/kg | Broiler chicken | Significant positive correlations in pectoral muscle major (PMJ) fillet of male birds between dietary flaxseed cake and CWLP (cooking water loss percentage) were observed. Growth performance was negatively affected by the increased concentration of flaxseed cake. Reduced digestibility of feed and protein decreased the growth performance. . | Shafey et al. (2014) |