Processing conditions | Proximate analysis | Functional properties | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Protein | Fat (%) | Ash (%) | Carbohydrate (%) | Emulsion activity (%) | Emulsion stability (%) | Foam capacity (%) | Foam stability (%) | ||
Decorticated raw pearl millet | 6.13 ± 0.02a | 5.91 ± 0.01a | 0.04 ± 0.00a | 87.90 ± 0.02a | 43.5 ± 0.7a | 41.5 ± 0.7a | 7.55 ± 0.07a | 3.30 ± 0.00a | |
HARF treated pearl millet at different processing conditions | 10.5%, 10 min. | 5.12 ± 0.03b | 3.83 ±0.02b | 0.01 ± 0.00b | 91.03 ± 0.00b | 35.5 ± 0.7b | 34.5 ± 0.7b | 8.35 ± 0.07b | 3.25 ± 0.07a |
10.5%, 15 min. | 5.28 ± 002c | 4.23 ± 0.02c | 0.01 ± 0.00b | 90.47 ± 0.04c | 35.0 ± 1.4b | 35.0 ± 1.4b | 10.75 ± 0.07c | 10.50 ± 0.70b | |
12%, 10 min. | 5.47 ± 0.04d | 3.06 ± 0.01d | 0.02 ± 0.00c | 91.45 ± 0.02d | 44.5 ± 0.7a | 43.5 ± 0.7c | 8.25 ± 0.07b | 6.30 ± 0.00c | |
12%, 15 min. | 5.73 ± 0.02e | 3.27 ± 0.02e | 0.02 ± 0.00c | 90.97 ± 0.00e | 49.0 ± 0.0c | 37.5 ± 0.7d | 18.45 ± 0.21d | 8.45 ± 0.21d | |
15%, 10 min. | 7.12 ± 0.03f | 2.08 ± 0.02f | 0.02 ± 0.00c | 90.76 ± 0.01f | 46.5 ± 0.7d | 45.5 ± 0.7c | 23.35 ± 0.07e | 10.05 ± 0.07e | |
15%, 15 min. | 7.11 ± 0.03f | 2.22 ± 0.03g | 0.02 ± 0.00c | 90.63 ± 0.00g | 44.5 ± 0.7a | 44.5 ± 0.7c | 7.52 ± 0.21a | 3.30 ± 0.00a |